SYNCHROINFO JOURNAL
Volume 3, Number 4 (2017)
CONTENTS
I.Y. Shkliarevskyi, E.M. Dyadenko, A.I. Shkliarevskyi
MODERN TRENDS IN THE INDUSTRIAL SPECIALIZATION OF THE PRECISION TIME PROTOCOL IEEE-1588 (pp. 3-8)
V.S. Speransky, A.P. Spirin, A.A. Frolov, T.P. Kosichkina
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF UWB COMMUNICATION IN THE DIRECTION OF COGNITIVE RADIO (pp. 9-13)
G.A. Leonov, N.V. Kuznetsov, M.V. Yuldashev, R.V. Yuldashev
NONLINEAR MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF COSTAS LOOPS (pp. 14-18)
V.P. Ponomarenko
REGULAR AND CHAOTIC SELF-MODULATION MODES OF THE GENERATOR WITH AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY CONTROL (pp. 19-23)
O.G. Antonovskaya, V.I. Goryunov
DYNAMICS QUALITAVE ANALYSIS OF FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER WITH COMBINED CONTROL (pp. 24-28)
B.I. Shakhtarin, Y.A. Sidorkina
SIMULATION OF HYBRID SYSTEM PHASE AND CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION WIDEBAND SIGNAL (pp. 29-34)
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ABSTRACTS & REFERENCES
MODERN TRENDS IN THE INDUSTRIAL SPECIALIZATION OF THE PRECISION TIME PROTOCOL IEEE-1588
I.Y. Shkliarevskyi, ish@ist.net.ua,
E.M. Dyadenko, A.I. Shkliarevskyi,
IST Ltd, Kiev, Ukraine
Abstract
PTP or IEEE 1588-2008 protocol has extended it’s implementation in different applications for time and frequency distribution through IP-networks. The report traces some new tendencies in PTP profiles standardization by different international organizations and compared each other. Conclusions have made that the PTP profiles divergence tendency still presents now, though new tendecies appear in the opposite directions.
Reference
1. IEEE std. 1588-2008, “IEEE Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization for Networked Measurement and Control Systems”, July, 2008.
2. Shkliarevskyi I. Precision Time Protocol in different applications: profile comparative analysis. T-Comm. 2014. No.11, pp. 116-119.
3. Arnold D., Gerstung H., “Enterprise Profile for PTP”, TICTOC Working Group Internet Draft, Feb 2015, Expires: August 4, 2015.
DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF UWB COMMUNICATION IN THE DIRECTION OF COGNITIVE RADIO
V.S. Speransky, A.P. Spirin, A.A. Frolov, T.P. Kosichkina, rit@mtuci.ru,
Moscow Technical University of Radio and Communications, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Currently, the popular idea of communication systems based on the reuse of the spectrum is a cognitive radio. With regard to the cognitive UWB system this term understand their ability to borrow unused portions of the spectrum, distributed between the primary users. Depending on the technology used ultrawideband, it is possible to perform different allocation methods. In particular, the main method of pulse systems that provide cognitive, is the formation of the pulse shape to fit it in order to free range. For multi UWB cognition provided a frequency hopping technique or orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. Produced an overview of existing methods of forming and processing of ultra-wideband signals and the problems arising from their use.
Reference
1. Decision No. 09-05-02 of the State Commission on Radio Frequencies of the Ministry of Telecommunications and Mass Communications of December 15, 2009 “On the Results of Converting the Radio Frequency Spectrum on the Use of the Radio Frequency Band 2.85-10.6 GHz with Ultra-Wideband Wireless Devices”.
2. Frolov A.A. The use of ultra-wideband systems to solve the problem of deficiency of the RFS. Bulletin of communication. 2012. No. 9, pp. 12-16.
3. Kosichkina T.P., Sidorova T.V., Speransky V.S. Ultra-wideband telecommunication systems. Moscow: Inzvyazizdat. 2008.
4. Vaclav V., Marelek R., Baudoin G., Villegas M., Suarez M., Robert F. Survey on Spectrum Utilization in Europe: Measurements, Analyses and Observations. 5th International ICST Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications, 2010.
5. Mohammed Al-Husseini, Karim Y. Kabalan, Ali El-Hajj1 and Christos G. Christodoulou Cognitive Radio: UWB Integration and Related Antenna Design / New Trends in Technologies: Control, Management, Computational Intelligence and Network Systems. Edited by Meng Joo Er.Sciyo, 2010, pp. 395-412.
6. Arslan, H. & Sahin, M. UWB-Based Cognitive Radio Networks, In: Cognitive Wireless Communication Networks, Hossain, E. & Bhargava, V.K., (Ed.), pp. 213-230, Springer US, ISBN 978-0-387-68830-5, New York, 2007.
7. Wu X., Tian Z., Davidson T.N., Giannakis G.B. “Optimal Waveform Design for UWB Radios”. IEEE Trans. On Signal Processing. Vol. 54, pp. 2009-2021, June. 2006.
8. L.-L. Zhou and H.-B. Zhu Iterative Solution to the Notched Waveform Design in Cognitive Ultra-Wideband Radio System. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 75. 2007, pp. 271-284.
9. Hasan Z., Phuyal U., Chaturvedi A.K., Bhargave V.K. ISI-free pulses for high-data-rate ultrawideband wireless system. IEEE Canadian Jour. of Elec. and Comm. Engineering. Vol. 32. No. 4. 2007, pp.187-192.
10. Sun X., Li B, Zhao C., Jia Y.: Adaptive narrowband interference mitigation by designing UWB waveforms based on radial basis function neural networks. EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw. 2013(1):1–11.
11. Lloyd Emmanuel, Xavier N. Fernando. Wavelet based spectral shaping of UWB radio signal for multi system coexistence. Science Direct Computers & Electrical Engineers. Vol. 36, Issue 2. March 2010, pp. 261-268.
12. Shen, Hanbing, Weihua Zhang, and Kyung Sup Kwak. Chirp-based cognitive ultra-wideband radio. ETRI journal 29.5 (2007): 676-678.
NONLINEAR MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF COSTAS LOOPS
G.A. Leonov, N.V. Kuznetsov, nkuznetsov239@gmail.com,
M.V. Yuldashev, maratyv@gmail.com,
R.V. Yuldashev, renatyv@gmail.com,
Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Abstract
The classic mathematical models of Costas loop were considered. Limitations of simple linear models and their application to classic Costas loop were discussed. Effective approach to study Costas loop circuits based on nonlinear mathematical models was presented. Unreliability of simple SPICE-based numerical simulation of PLL-based circuits was explained.
References
1. Costas J. Synchoronous Communications. Proc. IRE. Vol. 44. 1956, pp. 1713-1718.
2. Costas J. P. Receiver for communication system. 1962. US Patent 3,047,659.
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4. Kaplan E., Hegarty C. Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications. Artech House, 2006. P. 723.
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6. Hegarty C. J. GNSS signals. An overview. Frequency Control Symposium (FCS), 2012 IEEE International. IEEE. 2012, pp. 1-7.
7. Hu Y., Sawan M. A fully integrated low-power BPSK demodulator for implantable medical devices. Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, IEEE Transactions on. 2005. Vol. 52. No. 12, pp. 2552-2562.
8. Xu W., Luo Z., Sonkusale S. Fully digital BPSK demodulator and multilevel LSK back telemetry for biomedical implant transceivers. Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on. 2009. Vol. 56. No. 9, pp. 714-718.
9. Shahgildyan V., Lyakhovkin A. Phase locked loop systems. Moscow: Communication. 1972.
10. Kapranov M.V. Capture band during phase-locked loop. Radio engineering. Vol. 11. No. 12.
11. Lindsey W. Synchronization systems in communication and control. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. 1972.
12. Roland E. Best, Phase Locked Loops. Design, Simuation, and Applications. McGraw-Hill. 1997.
13. Bakaev Yu.N. Investigation of the inertial television synchronization system. Radio engineering and electronics. Vol.3. No. 2.
14. Leonov G.A. Phase synchronization. Theory and applications Automation and telemechanics. 2006. No. 10, pp. 47-55.
15. Leonov G.A., Kuznetsov N.V., Yuldashev M.V., Yuldashev R.V. Calculation of the characteristics of a phase detector for signals of a general form. Reports of the Academy of Sciences. 2011. Vol. 439. No. 4, pp. 459-463.
16. Krylov N., Bogolubov N. Introduction to Nonlinear Mechanics. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1947.
17. Mitropolsky Y., Bogolubov N. Asymptotic Methods in the Theory of NonLinear Oscillations. New York: Gordon and Breach. 1961.
REGULAR AND CHAOTIC SELF-MODULATION MODES OF THE GENERATOR WITH AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY CONTROL
V.P. Ponomarenko, povp@uic.nnov.ru,
Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
Abstract
Much attention is being paid to the study of the processes of formation and development of self-modulation modes in self-generating systems with phase and frequency control. The potential of these systems in terms of generating periodic and chaotic modulated oscillations is of immediate practical interest for creating effective sources of complex signals in the implementation of communication systems based on dynamic chaos. Some results of the study of dynamic modes in a system with frequency control in the case of using a fourth-order filter in the control circuit are presented. The case of positive feedback in the frequency control loop, which is realized by the inverse of the inclusion of the frequency discriminator, is considered. Increasing the filter complexity and inverting the frequency discriminator enable the number and variety of self-modulating modes excited in the system to be increased. The mathematical model of the considered system with frequency control is represented by the following dynamic system.
References
1. Dmitriev A.S., Efremova E.V., Maksimov N.A., Panas A.I. Generation of chaos. Moscow: Technosphere, 2012. 442 p.
2. Dmitriev A.S., Kletsov A.V., Kuzmin L.V. Ultrawideband chaos generation in the decimeter range. Radio engineering and electronics. 2009. Vol. 54. No. 7, pp. 709-718.
3. Ponomarenko V.P., Zaulin I.A. Dynamics of a self-oscillator controlled by a loop of frequency auto-tuning with an inverted characteristic of a discriminator. Radio engineering and electronics. 1997. Vol. 42. No. 7, pp. 828-835.
4. Ponomarenko V.P. Dynamic modes in models of self-generating systems with frequency and frequency-phase control. News of universities. Applied nonlinear dynamics. 2007. Vol. 15. No. 3, pp. 33-51.
DYNAMICS QUALITAVE ANALYSIS OF FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER WITH COMBINED CONTROL
O.G. Antonovskaya, V.I. Goryunov, pmk@unn.ac.ru,
Nizhny Novgorod State University, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
Abstract
Известно, что использование степени заполнения счетчика числа колебаний подстраиваемого генератора (ПГ) в качестве фазовой координаты позволяет не только обоснованно реализовать процедуру получения разностных уравнений по методу точечных отображений, но и расширить возможности качественного анализа динамики синтезаторов частот (СЧ) с кусочно-постоянной формой сигнала управления. На примере базового СЧ с комбинированным импульсным частотно-фазовым детектором, объединяющим в себе свойства частотного детектора и детектора типа «выборка-запоминание», показывается, что использование метода точечных отображений в соответствующих подпространствах состояний позволяет не только проанализировать механизм взаимодействия фазового и частотного управления, но и осуществить полное качественное исследование его динамики.
References
1. Antonovskaya O.G., Goryunov V.I. The method of point mappings and the study of the dynamics of frequency synthesizers. Germany: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014. 101 p.
2. Levin V.A., Malinovsky V.N., Romanov S.K. Frequency synthesizers with a phase-locked loop system. Moscow: Radio and communications. 1989. 232 p.
3. Goryunov V.I. On the theory of systems of pulse-phase self-tuning of frequency. Izv. Universities: Instrument Engineering. 1974. No. 10, pp. 40-43.
SIMULATION OF HYBRID SYSTEM PHASE AND CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION WIDEBAND SIGNAL
B.I. Shakhtarin, shakhtarin@mail.ru,
Y.A. Sidorkina, sidyulia5969@yandex.ru,
Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
Abstract
To detect broadband signals, in particular GPS signals, a hybrid phase and clock synchronization system is used. The delay tracking circuit determines the start of a pseudo random sequence. It generates two codes, one of which is delayed for a while, and the other is ahead of the input code by the same amount. The leading and lagging codes are multiplied with the reference one, pass through the integrators with a reset, and are sent to the discriminator in order to generate the main signal, which must completely coincide with the input time. Further, this code is multiplied with the input signal, and thereby annihilates the code in the input signal. At the output of the multiplier, there remains a carrier frequency, modulated only by an information signal and not modulated by a pseudo random sequence. This signal is fed to the Costas circuit, which extracts the information signal, and also generates a frequency that matches the carrier frequency of the input signal. A signal of this frequency is multiplied with the input. At the output of the multiplier there is a low-frequency signal and a signal with a frequency of 2ω0, which is suppressed using a low-pass filter, which is located at the output of the multiplier. Thus, only the low-frequency signal — a pseudo-random sequence folded modulo 2 with the information signal and not modulated by the carrier — is input to the delay tracking circuit.
References
1. Shakhtarin B.I., Sidorkina Yu.A., Kulkov I.A. Modeling a hybrid system of phase and clock synchronization of FM signals. Vestnik MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, Ser. “Instrument making”. 2014. No. 4, pp. 123-134.
2. Shakhtarin B.I., Kulkov I.A. Analysis of a hybrid system of phase and clock synchronization. Vestnik MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, Ser. “Instrumentation”. 2013. No. 1, pp. 40-50.
3. Shakhtarin B. I. Synchronization in radio communications and radio navigation. Moscow: Helios ARV. 2007. 256 p.
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